The flag of Albania features a black double-headed eagle on a red field. This design has deep historical and cultural significance for the Albanian people. Here's a breakdown of its main elements:

1. Red Field: The red background symbolizes bravery, strength, and valor. This color has been associated with the region and its people for centuries and is a prominent feature in many Balkan flags. For Albanians, the red background specifically represents the blood shed for the defense of their land.

2. Black Double-Headed Eagle: The black double-headed eagle is an ancient symbol that has been used by various civilizations over the centuries, most notably the Byzantine Empire. For Albania, the symbol traces its origins to the medieval Kastrioti family, and in particular, to Gjergj Kastrioti, more commonly known as Skanderbeg. Skanderbeg is a national hero who led the resistance against the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century. After he reclaimed the Castle of Kruja, he raised his version of the flag—a red banner with the black, double-headed eagle—as a symbol of resistance and unity among the Albanian people.

The modern design of the Albanian flag is derived from Skanderbeg's banner, which in turn borrowed the double-headed eagle symbol from the Byzantines. Over time, the flag has come to symbolize Albanian nationalism, independence, and pride.

Historically, the flag has been adopted in various forms during different periods of Albanian history, especially during times of national awakening, resistance, and the pursuit of independence. The current design was adopted when Albania declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1912.